Millicent Garret Fawcett British Suffrage Activist

In the British campaign for woman suffrage, Millicent Garrett Fawcett was known for her constitutional approach: a more peaceful, rational strategy, in contrast to the more militant and confrontational strategy of the Pankhursts. Dates:Â  June 11, 1847 -Â  August 5, 1929Also known as: Mrs. Henry Fawcett, Millicent Garrett, Millicent Fawcett The Fawcett Library is named for Millicent Garrett Fawcett. It is the location of much archive material on feminism and the suffrage movement in Great Britain. Millicent Garrett Fawcett was the sister of Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, the first woman to successfully complete the medical qualifying exams in Great Britain and become a physician. Millicent Garrett Fawcett Biography Millicent Garrett Fawcett was one of ten children. Her father was both a comfortable businessman and a political radical. Millicent Garrett Fawcett married Henry Fawcett, an economics professor at Cambridge who was also a Liberal MP. He had been blinded in a shooting accident, and because of his condition, Millicent Garrett Fawcett served as his amanuensis, secretary, and companion as well as his wife. Henry Fawcett was an advocate of womens rights, and Millicent Garrett Fawcett became involved with the Langham Place Circle womens suffrage advocates. In 1867, she became part of the leadership of the London National Societies for Womens Suffrage. When Millicent Garrett Fawcett gave a speech advocating suffrage in 1868, some in Parliament denounced her action as especially inappropriate, they said, for the wife of an MP. Millicent Garrett Fawcett supported the Married Womens Property Act and, more quietly, the social purity campaign. Her husbands interests in reform in India led her to an interest in the subject of child marriage. Millicent Garrett Fawcett became more active in the suffrage movement with two events: in 1884, the death of her husband, and in 1888, the division of the suffrage movement over association with particular parties. Millicent Garrett Fawcett was a leader of the faction that supported non-alignment of the womens suffrage movement with political parties. By 1897, Millicent Garrett Fawcett had helped bring these two wings of the suffrage movement back together under the National Union of Womens Suffrage Societies (NUWSS) and assumed the presidency in 1907. Fawcetts approach to winning the vote for women was one of reason and patience, based on persistent lobbying and public education. She initially supported the more visible militancy of the Womens Social and Political Union, led by the Pankhursts. When the radicals staged hunger strikes, Fawcett expressed admiration of their courage, even sending congratulations on their release from prison. But she opposed the increasing violence of the militant wing, including deliberate property damage. Millicent Garrett Fawcett focused her suffrage efforts in 1910-12 on a bill to give the vote to single and widowed female heads of household. When that effort failed, she reconsidered the alignment issue. Only the Labour Party had supported womens suffrage, and so the NUWSS aligned itself formally with Labour. Predictably, many members left over this decision. Millicent Garrett Fawcett then supported the British war effort in World War I, believing that if women supported the war effort, suffrage would naturally be granted at the end of the war. This separated Fawcett from the many feminists who were also pacifists. In 1919, Parliament passed the Representation of the People Act, and British women over the age of thirty could vote. Millicent Garrett Fawcett turned over the NUWSS presidency to Eleanor Rathbone, as the organization transformed itself into the National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship (NUSEC) and worked for lowering the voting age for women to 21, the same as for men. Millicent Garrett Fawcett disagreed, however, with several other reforms endorsed by the NUSEC under Rathbone, and so Fawcett left her position on the board of NUSEC. In 1924, Millicent Garrett Fawcett was given the Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire and became Dame Millicent Fawcett. Millicent Garrett Fawcett died in London in 1929. Her daughter, Philippa Garrett Fawcett (1868-1948), excelled in mathematics and served as the principal assistant to the director of education of the London County Council for thirty years. Writings Millicent Garrett Fawcett wrote many pamphlets and articles over her lifetime, and also several books: Political Economy for Beginners, 1870, a textbookLife of Queen Victoria, 1895with E. M. Turner, Josephine Butler: Her Work and Principles, and Their Meaning for the Twentieth Century, 1927.The Womens Victory -- and After, 1920What I Remember, 1927

Key Tips For A Generous Financial Donations - 1495 Words

STAKERHOLDER KEY TIPS (1)Community Stakeholders a. Generous financial donations b. Innovative giving c. Support for education and job training programmes d. Direct involvement in community projects and affairs e. Community volunteer programmes f. Support for the local community g. Campaigning for environmental and social change h. An employee-led approach to philanthropy i. Efficient and effective community activity j. Disclosure of environmental and social performance (2)Environment Stakeholders a. Environmental policies, organisation and management b. Materials policy of reduction, reuse and recycling c. Monitoring, minimizing and taking responsibility for releases d. the environment e. Waste management f. Energy conservation g.†¦show more content†¦Good rate of long-term return to shareholders b. Disseminate comprehensive and clear information c. Encourage staff ownership of shares d. Develop and build relationships with shareholders e. Clear dividend policy and payment of appropriate dividends f. Corporate governance issues are well managed g. Access to company’s directors and senior managers h. Annual reports provide a picture of the company’s performance i. Clear long-term business strategy j. Open communication with financial community Source: (Spiller, 2000, pp. 153-154) All the companies need a tool to exam their social performance (Hanson, 1995). The Spiller’s (2000) CSR model provide a tool that the corporation can diagnose their performance. And it can combine various management technologies to develop the performance of the corporations. On the other hand, it offered a tool to exam employee satisfaction (Spiller, 2000). There are four main principles in Spiller’s CSR model: Honesty, Fairness, Caring, and Courage. First principle is honesty, which lying in the heart place of CSR model. The wise decision of the companies and the modern economic market all need honest (Spiller, 2000). 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DAVE MATTHEWS BAND VIDEO COMPILATION Essay Example For Students

DAVE MATTHEWS BAND VIDEO COMPILATION Essay dmbJuly 20, 2001National Car Rental CenterSunrise, FLTripping BilliesI Did ItAnts MarchingDecember 2, 1996Assembly HallChampaign, ILSo Much To SayToo MuchAugust 6, 2000Gorge AmphitheaterDAVE MATTHEWS BAND VIDEO COMPILATIONJuly 20, 2001National Car Rental CenterSunrise, FLTripping BilliesI Did ItAnts MarchingDecember 2, 1996Assembly HallChampaign, ILSo Much To SayToo MuchAugust 6, 2000Gorge AmphitheaterGeorge, WARecentlyIll Back You UpSeek UpJuly 7, 1999Coors AmphitheaterChula Vista, CAPigFebruary 19, 1999Palace TheaterLouisville, KYStay (Dave ; Tim)Pay For What You Get (Dave ; Tim)July 8, 1995Lorelei RockplastLorelei, GermanyTrue ReflectionsJune 21, 1998Lorelei RockplastLorelei, GermanyThe Last StopCrushMarch 27, 1995FactoryMilan, ItalyLover Lay DownDecember 9, 2000Pepsi ArenaAlbany, NYChristmas Song (Dave ; Carter)All Along The WatchtowerJuly 15, 2000Verterans StadiumPhiladelphia, PAGrey StreetJTRSweet Up And DownJuly 16, 2000Veterans StadiumPhiladelphia, PAWarehouseBest of Whats Ar oundDecember 5, 1998Pepsi ArenaAlbany, NYPantala Naga Pampa (with Tim Reynolds)Rapunzel (with Tim Reynolds)Two Step (with Tim Reynolds and Bela Fleck)September 29, 2001Farm Aid 2001Noblesville, INEveryday (Dave Solo)Crush (Dave Solo)One Sweet World (Dave Solo)October 2, 2001John Lennon TributeNew York, NYIn My Life (Dave Solo)July 17, 1999Gorge AmphitheaterGeorge, WAProudest MonkeySatelliteThe Dreaming TreeThe Song That Jane Likes#40 (Dave Solo)December 7, 2000Gund ArenaCleveland, OHCrash Into MeCortez The KillerAugust 1, 2000Shoreline AmphitheaterNoblesville, INThe MakerBartenderAugust 2, 2000Shoreline AmphitheaterNoblesville, INDancing NanciesDont Drink The WaterTypical SituationGrace is GoneDAVE MATTHEWS BAND VIDEO COMPILATIONJuly 20, 2001National Car Rental CenterSunrise, FLTripping BilliesI Did ItAnts MarchingDecember 2, 1996Assembly HallChampaign, ILSo Much To SayToo MuchAugust 6, 2000Gorge AmphitheaterGeorge, WARecentlyIll Back You UpSeek UpJuly 7, 1999Coors AmphitheaterChula Vista, CAPigFebruary 19, 1999Palace TheaterLouisville, KYStay (Dave Tim)Pay For What You Get (Dave Tim)July 8, 1995Lorelei RockplastLorelei, GermanyTrue ReflectionsJune 21, 1998Lorelei RockplastLorelei, GermanyThe Last StopCrushMarch 27, 1995FactoryMilan, ItalyLover Lay DownDecember 9, 2000Pepsi ArenaAlbany, NYChristmas Song (Dave Carter)All Along The WatchtowerJuly 15, 2000Verterans StadiumPhiladelphia, PAGrey StreetJTRSweet Up And DownJuly 16, 2000Veterans StadiumPhiladelphia, PAWarehouseBest of Whats AroundDecember 5, 1998Pepsi ArenaAlbany, NYPantala Naga Pampa (with Tim Reynolds)Rapunzel (with Tim Reynolds)Two Step (with Tim Reynolds and Bela Fleck)September 29, 2001Farm Aid 2001Noblesville, INEveryday (Dave Solo)Crush (Dave Solo)One Sweet World (Dave Solo)October 2, 2001John Lennon TributeNew York, NYIn My Life (Dave Solo)July 17, 1999Gorge AmphitheaterGeorge, WAProudest MonkeySatelliteThe Dreaming TreeThe Song That Jane Likes#40 (Dave Solo)December 7, 2000Gund ArenaClevela nd, OHCrash Into MeCortez The KillerAugust 1, 2000Shoreline AmphitheaterNoblesville, INThe MakerBartenderAugust 2, 2000Shoreline AmphitheaterNoblesville, INDancing NanciesDont Drink The WaterTypical SituationGrace is GoneGeorge, WARecentlyIll Back You UpSeek UpJuly 7, 1999Coors AmphitheaterChula Vista, CAPigFebruary 19, 1999Palace TheaterLouisville, KYStay (Dave ; Tim)Pay For What You Get (Dave ; Tim)July 8, 1995Lorelei RockplastLorelei, GermanyTrue ReflectionsJune 21, 1998Lorelei RockplastLorelei, GermanyThe Last StopCrushMarch 27, 1995FactoryMilan, ItalyLover Lay DownDecember 9, 2000Pepsi ArenaAlbany, NYChristmas Song (Dave ; Carter)All Along The WatchtowerJuly 15, 2000Verterans StadiumPhiladelphia, PAGrey StreetJTRSweet Up And DownJuly 16, 2000Veterans StadiumPhiladelphia, PAWarehouseBest of Whats AroundDecember 5, 1998Pepsi ArenaAlbany, NYPantala Naga Pampa (with Tim Reynolds)Rapunzel (with Tim Reynolds)Two Step (with Tim Reynolds and Bela Fleck)September 29, 2001Farm Aid 2001No blesville, INEveryday (Dave Solo)Crush (Dave Solo)One Sweet World (Dave Solo)October 2, 2001John Lennon TributeNew York, NYIn My Life (Dave Solo)July 17, 1999Gorge AmphitheaterGeorge, WAProudest MonkeySatelliteThe Dreaming TreeThe Song That Jane Likes#40 (Dave Solo)December 7, 2000Gund ArenaCleveland, OHCrash Into MeCortez The KillerAugust 1, 2000Shoreline AmphitheaterNoblesville, INThe MakerBartenderAugust 2, 2000Shoreline AmphitheaterNoblesville, INDancing NanciesDont Drink The WaterTypical SituationGrace is Gone .ua3938cb4b208d3d955ad76f9ca520718 , .ua3938cb4b208d3d955ad76f9ca520718 .postImageUrl , .ua3938cb4b208d3d955ad76f9ca520718 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; 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Jesus and the gospel in Africa Essay Example Essay Example

Jesus and the gospel in Africa Essay Example Paper Jesus and the gospel in Africa Essay Introduction A BOOK REVIEW ON JESUS AND THE GOSPEL IN AFRICA -HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE Is the Gospel in Africa? What would Jesus expression like in Africa? These remarks of J. V. Taylor were the flicker to the pursuit of Professor Kwame Bediako’s scholarly probe that gave birth to the book Jesus and the Gospel in Africa. Bedako was a Ghanese bookman, born in Ghana on 7ThursdayJuly, 1945 and he passed off in summer 2008. He gained international repute for his work on the disclosure in â€Å"Christianity in African Culture† Bediako could hold been employed in one of the top Universities of the World but he chose instead to be committed to working out the deduction of his religion in the context of Africa. Jesus and the gospel in Africa Essay Body Paragraphs Jesus and the Gospel in Africa is one of the scholarly plants of Prof. Kwame Bediako, it is a aggregation of articles by Bediako to show in full strong belief that God speaks into the African context, in African parlance and that God is through hearing in African tongues the great things that God has done that African divinity emerges to enlighten non merely the African Church but the whole broad World. Jesus and the Gospel in Africa was originally published in Yaounde , Cameroun by Regnum Africa in 2000 and was republished by Orbis books, USA, in 2004. The book of 124pages is made up of 10 chapters and sub-divided into three parts. Chapter’s 1-3 are grouped in the first portion captioned â€Å"the African Experience of Jesus. Chapters 4-6 are grouped as the 2nd portion captioned â€Å"Theology and Culture while chapters 7-10 are the 3rd portion captioned â€Å"Africa and the History of Christianity. Reappraisal: Part 1 – THE AFRICAN EXPERIENCE OF JESUS. In chapter o ne, Bediako presents the phenomenon referred to as the modern displacement of the Centre of gravitation of Christianity. The thought of this displacement of Centre of gravitation is that the heartlands of the Christian religion has shifted from the West and has found another land of relevancy in the Southern continents of Latin America, Asia, and peculiarly in Africa. He showed that in 1900 80 % of the World’s Christians lived in Europe and Northern America. Today over 60 % of the World’s Christians lived in Latin America and Africa. By AD 2000, there could be between 330 million and 350 million Christians in Africa ( pg3 ) . Bediako used the word â€Å"surprise† to depict the paradigm displacement of the Centre of Christianity. He refuted the term â€Å"Animism† used to depict the cardinal faiths of Africa in 1910 when the World conference was held in Edinburgh, by a adult male who has ne’er been to Africa. The general perceptual experience of the term Animism was that there was peculiarly no spiritual content in it. They were so locked up in their ain head that no 1 foresaw the outgrowth of vivacious Christian presence in Africa, allow entirely the outgrowth of a distinctively African experience of Jesus Christ. In what Bediako called â€Å"the surprise factor in the modern missional story† . He highlighted the turn of event indicating out the Africa conference held in Le Zoute, Belgium, in September 1927, it appeared that the missional was now reflecting on, and larning from its African experience ( pg4 ) . The Le Zoute conference stood on the rearward way with the Edinbrugh conference of 1910 by confirming the acknowledgment that Africans old experience that has high component of spiritual value prepared them for the response of the Gospel. Bediako in reflecting on Africa and the hereafter of Christianity posits that the present displacement of the Centre of gravitation of Christianity to non-Western universe offer s rather typical chances for Christian theological contemplation and for new apprehensions. He spoke clearly on Jesus of the deep: divinity from where the religion must populate, utilizing a potion of the self-generated supplication and congratulationss of Jesus by an nonreader Ghanese Christian adult female, he demonstrates the footing of African divinity which besides provides clear grounds that Christianity in Africa is strictly African experience. He disclosed that the pursuit and find of African divinity was launched by Africa’s academic theologists like Bolaji Idowu, John Mbiti and I suppose, himself in the late fiftiess and early 1960s under the changeless whipping from European public impatient with Africa because it was mostly without apprehension of the continent, these and other innovators of African divinity saw it as their undertaking to build the prescribed divinity ( pg16 ) . In chapter 2, Bediako expatiates the Jesus in African Culture and relates it to Ghanai an position. Here Jesus Christ is presented to both African Churches and African Christians and the universe at big as a cosmopolitan Saviour. However, one salient point is his recognition of the missionary’s attempt in pass oning the Gospel which the full community affirms. There is ever more to the hearing of the Word of God than can be contained in existent sermon of it by human agents ( pg20 ) . Bdiako as a Pastor and a sermonizer used the Bible to hit his ends. He demonstrated how The Apostle Paul grasped steadfastly the catholicity of the Gospel of Jesus the Messiah which includes all peoples without modesty, it is this idea that African theologists now portion. Again, it is notable that the rapid spread of Christianity is associated with the contact it had with other cardinal faiths correspondent to African Traditional Religion. And that the presences of these faiths were critical readying for the Gospel. The averment that traditional faith forms the spiritual belief o f more or less rearward and graded peoples all over the World and that it held no readying for the Christianity is refuted. The truth is that the cardinal faiths have been the most fertile dirt for religion of the huge bulk of Christians of all ages and all states ( pg21 ) . In his â€Å"Jesus as the Godhead vanquisher in the African world† , Bediako pictured the consciousness and intense consciousness of forces and powers at work that threaten the involvement of life and harmoniousness and with apprehension of human exposure in the spirit universe. Jesus Christ is seen as the 1 who possesses supreme power and authorization and is winning over the religious kingdom. Bediako created an ambiance that Jesus is all powerful to protect people over evil forces. He depicts Jesus as the Saviour who belongs basically to the more powerful kingdom of deity and stresses that there needs to be a deeper grasp of the traditional African universe, whose clasp is so strong that it exercises a powerful influence on the mode of apprehension and sing the Christ image ( pg22 ) . Bediako described Jesus as the One who fulfils and surpasses the map of the Ancestor. This has been the job of understanding Christ genuinely in the African universe. Africans believed that ascendants are powerful in their relationship with homo ; they reward the good workss and render penalty to evil. However, Biblical grounds has proved that the work of Christ surpasses the function of ascendants in what He has done and what He can make. Bediako decidedly pointed that the good intelligence as our narrative is no longer a inquiry of seeking to suit the Gospel in our civilization ; hence the Gospel is our narrative ( pg 25 ) . From Biblical point of position, Bediako argues that the epistle to the Hebrews is a missive to the Africans sing the function of Jesus Christ as a High Priest who fulfils absolutely the terminal that all forfeits search for to accomplish and the Priestly mediation of Christ w hich overrides all human priestly mediation. He positively appraised the work of Christian towards development claiming that â€Å"each of us with the Bible in our mother-tongue can truly claim to hear God talking in our ain language† ( 32 ) . Chapter 3 offers some galvanizing penetration into one of the most of import treatments in the survey of faith. Here Bediako efforts supplying an reply to the inquiry of â€Å"how Jesus Christ is Lord amid African spiritual pluralism† . He demonstrated with critical observation the singularity of Christ in the pluralistic environment of the African faith, indicating that Christ is alone in relation to other Godheads. Bediako sees the singularity of Christ non as an averment but as Christian avowal and acknowledgment. He states † . a Biblical avowal refering the singularity of Christ is non arbitrary claim or averment. † ( pg 38 ) . The singularity of Christ besides can be arrived by decision drawn from position of oth er universe faiths to show that Christ inhabit those universes as Lord, because faith is a tradition of response to the world and revelation of the Transcendent. Bediako draw our attending to that which Christ has confronted us with viz. : the Incarnation which is supremely the alone mark and presentation of godly exposure in history, the cross of Christ which shows His agony and redemptional work as expressed by His Godhead head and the logic of love and in conclusion, the Communion at the Lord’s tabular array which is an invitation to all who are united in religion. Consequently all faiths are invited by religion to react to this paradigm revelation of Jesus Christ in religion, penitence and obeisance. Part 2 – THEOLOGY AND CULTURE. Bediako started this portion with understanding African divinity in the 20th century in chapter 4. He elaborated on the two distinguishable tendencies that emerged from the African Christian idea in the post-missionary epoch of 1950s to t he late eightiess, taking to the Black divinity of release in the African scene with the purpose of accomplishing integrating between the African pre-Christian spiritual experience and the African Christian committedness in ways that would guarantee the unity of African Christian individuality and selfhood. He looked at the African spiritual yesteryear as the premier theological issue in the argument, critics of early literature in African divinity has characterized it as unhealthy. However, â€Å"African theologists have demonstrated that the African spiritual experience and heritage were non illusive. † ( pg 50 ) . To Bediako African Theology should be shaped and interpreted in a manner that it will reflect African theological individuality. 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Free Essays on Enron

The article on Enron states that there was not one main reason why Enron fell; however it was a corporate culture of deception that lead to the demise of this company. Enron had many loans on their books that they disguised as assets to make them look stronger and more profitable. They worked backwards by figuring out what they wanted their company to look like financially, and then made changes in the books to make it appeal to them. Since the authorities were not using checks and balances to make sure fraud was not taking place, it would have been easy for Enron to make it look like particular divisions were doing worse then they actually were, so they did not have to pay their employees as much. It was also easy for Enron to lie to their accountants because they did not check what the managers told them was truth. The auditors did not check the accountant’s books for mistakes either. There were so many mistakes in so many different areas of this company that its hard t o pinpoint one thing. The article on the Sarbanes-Oxley Act summarizes the new legislation that has been put into place to help guard against another financial disaster, such as Enron and WorldCom. Under this law, attorneys are responsible to report any illegal acts to a board of directors. If the board of directors that the attorney reports to does not pass on this information to proper authority, they will be forced to resign. When the SAS 99 became effective, it profoundly changed the relationship between businesses and auditors because if the CPA does not follow the SAS 99 rules and it comes to the attention of the AICPA, they will lose their CPA and be prosecuted. The SAS 99 coupled with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act should do a great deal to safeguard against scandals in the business world.... Free Essays on Enron Free Essays on Enron The article on Enron states that there was not one main reason why Enron fell; however it was a corporate culture of deception that lead to the demise of this company. Enron had many loans on their books that they disguised as assets to make them look stronger and more profitable. They worked backwards by figuring out what they wanted their company to look like financially, and then made changes in the books to make it appeal to them. Since the authorities were not using checks and balances to make sure fraud was not taking place, it would have been easy for Enron to make it look like particular divisions were doing worse then they actually were, so they did not have to pay their employees as much. It was also easy for Enron to lie to their accountants because they did not check what the managers told them was truth. The auditors did not check the accountant’s books for mistakes either. There were so many mistakes in so many different areas of this company that its hard t o pinpoint one thing. The article on the Sarbanes-Oxley Act summarizes the new legislation that has been put into place to help guard against another financial disaster, such as Enron and WorldCom. Under this law, attorneys are responsible to report any illegal acts to a board of directors. If the board of directors that the attorney reports to does not pass on this information to proper authority, they will be forced to resign. When the SAS 99 became effective, it profoundly changed the relationship between businesses and auditors because if the CPA does not follow the SAS 99 rules and it comes to the attention of the AICPA, they will lose their CPA and be prosecuted. The SAS 99 coupled with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act should do a great deal to safeguard against scandals in the business world.... Free Essays on Enron Enron a Post Mortem - Enron was heralded as America’s most innovative company for five years by Fortune magazine. What happened? What lead to Enron’s demise? The collapse of Enron is one of the century ’ s most infamous, with reverberations being felt around the world. Craig Donaldson speaks with Enron ’ s interim CEO Stephen Cooper about his approach to people management in the midst of this most extraordinary of working circumstances Enron was one of America’s leading companies prior to its spectacular collapse in 2001. It was frequently named as one of America’s top 10 most admired corporations and best places to work, and its board was acclaimed one of the US’ best five, according to Fortune magazine. As America’s seventh largest company, Enron experienced explosive growth through the 1990s. It had revenues of US$139 ($184) billion, US$62 ($82) billion in assets and employed more than 30,000 people across 20 countries. While Enron was considered a phenomenon in its heyday, a highly decentralised decision-making and financial control structure made it virtually impossible to get a clear and coherent understanding of the corporation, according to interim CEO and chief restructuring officer, Stephen Cooper. â€Å"In the space of 30 days, Enron went from American icon to Chapter 11,† he says. The collapse brought an enormous amount of outrage from the company’s stakeholders, while the scale and complexity of Enron’s bankruptcy has resulted in 12 separate investigations by the US Congress.... Free Essays on Enron THE COLLAPSE OF ENRON In early, 2001, Enron Corporation was named most innovative company in America for the sixth year in a row by Fortune Magazine. Soon enough things had turned and by December 2001, Enron filed for bankruptcy. Enron was the premiere trading company of the world, listed as the world’s greatest energy company and now in 2001 suffered the worst business failure in U.S. history. The U. S. was devastated by this and it really hurt all of the employees within Enron. Thousands of employees lost their jobs, savings, 401 (K) retirements plans virtually overnight. One retiree was reported to have lost $1.3 billion in savings and shareholders investors lost nearly $70 billion in market value. No one had even the slightest clue that any of this was going to happen, just like that they were out of there jobs with no money. People with families and children had nothing anymore, it was a travesty. The employees who had invested so much of their stock and savings in Enron’s plans suffered the most form this sudden downfall. They had nothing left to show for all of the hard work that had put into the company for so many years. The were so strong a year earlier in 200, employees were up to 19,000 people they even made $100 billion in revenues a year. Their plan was simply â€Å"becoming the world’s greatest company† which was stated by the current CEO and CEO at Enron, Kenneth Lay. When Kenneth states this I don’t think he puts an ethical review on this, considering the fact that he let go of so many people’s jobs and all of their money. He would do anything to get this company to the top, even if it was cheating, stealing, manipulating people. He is a very greedy person and put himself before his employees and the rest of the company. From my point of view that is ridiculous but that’s the kind of people we have in our world today, as long as they are living a good life they aren’t worry about ot... Free Essays on Enron Kenneth Lay, the ex-CEO of Enron took a small natural gas company, and created a financial powerhouse. In just a little over 15 years, Enron grew into one of the US’s largest companies. It embraced new technologies, established new methods of trading in energy and seemed to be a shining example of successful corporate America. Kenneth Lay himself was awarded a place in the Texas Business Hall of Fame for his achievement of bringing the small company to where it stood. Many surveys showed Kenneth Lay as one of the top managers for the nation. His background of academic and government positions helped back his position as a dedicated leader. Disaster then struck the companies success was all smoke and mirrors created by artificially inflated profits, dubious accounting practices, and fraud. The company unraveled and came crashing down, resulting in thousands of people loosing their jobs and life savings that they invested in to the company. Enron was born in July of 1985 with a merger of Houston Natural and Omaha-based InterNorth. Kenneth Lay was elected as the chairman and chief executive of the company. Around the same time Washington began to lift the controls over who produced energy and how it was distributed. Kenneth Lay saw a chance to make the small company thrive and seized it. Enron guaranteed its customers stable prices during the energy regulation changes. The response to the stable energy prices that Enron was offering was huge. Everyone wanted future gas at the fixed prices of today. In a few years Enron was responsible for over one fourth of the gas business for the United States. Kenneth Lay then decided that it would be profitable to expand its business into other fields by trading other commodities such as coal and steel. Early in the year 2000 Enron was peaking its economic success and began to invest into broadband Internet networks seeing the dot.com economy expand with profits. The company boa... Free Essays on Enron Enron Corp. is one of the world's largest energy, commodities and services company. Before its Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing, it marketed electricity and natural gas, delivered energy and other physical commodities, and provided financial and risk management services to customers worldwide. Based in Houston, Texas, Enron was formed in July 1985 by the merger of Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth of Omaha, Nebraska. Initially a natural gas pipeline company, Enron rapidly evolved from delivering energy to brokering energy futures as energy markets were deregulated. The company began marketing electricity in 1994 and entered the European energy market in 1995. In 1999, Enron launched a plan to buy and sell access to high-speed Internet bandwidth, and it launched EnronOnline, a Web-based commodity trading site, making it an e-commerce company. The company reported revenues of $101 billion in 2000. It has stakes in nearly 30,000 miles of gas pipeline, owns or has access to a 15,000-mile fiber optic network, and has a stake in electricity generating operations around the world. Aftershocks in Europe Enron's collapse will hit many markets. Enron is the largest bankruptcy in United States history, and cost thousands of people their retirement and jobs. They used different accounting tricks to deceive their employees and the public on how good their financial situation really was. How could such a giant, thriving company go from worth around $60 billion dollars to bankruptcy in such a short period of time with no major warning signs? What could allow such a huge financial scandal to take place? How will the Enron scandal affect the current business world and the way that businesses are run in the future? These are all questions that are currently trying to be explained. The story of Enron is still constantly unwinding more and more everyday. The small Houston based company that was started in 1985 when Houston Natural Gas combi...

Marketing In A Time of Globalization †Marketing Essay

Marketing In A Time of Globalization – Marketing Essay Free Online Research Papers Marketing In A Time of Globalization Marketing Essay In my limited 31 years on this planet, I have seen much development and evolution of the English language. From slang words like â€Å"metro-sexual† to words like gigabyte that describe new technologies and services never seen before in history, there have been millions of new words introduced into society. Globalization is another such word that has evolved due to an interesting phenomenon sparked by factors such as the internet, ease of traveling and television. In this paper I will discuss globalization and a hopefully answer a few questions sparked by this new â€Å"buzz word† of the 21st century. The WikiPedia describes globalization as the worldwide phenomenon of technological, economic, and cultural change, as brought about by expanding facilities for intercommunication and interdependency between traditionally isolate cultures. Dramatically increased international trade and finance have established a medium wherein deeper cultural exchanges have taken place - greatly increasing the impact of global issues at the local scale. (Wikipedia) In short, globalization is the bringing together or the swapping of cultural ingredients among peoples of different cultures and countries. I found this picture on the internet and it drove the globalization point home. (Wikipedia.com) If this picture does not support the clashing of cultures I do not know what does. There are many trade theories that support the idea of globalization. The Heckscher-Ohlin theorem states that a country which is capital-abundant will export the capital-intensive good. Likewise, the country which is labor-abundant will export the labor-intensive good. Each country exports that good which it produces relatively better than the other country. In this model a countrys advantage in production arises solely from its relative factor abundance. (internationalecon) The Heckscher-Ohlin theory basically says that countries will trade with those countries that have things that they need. This is the basis for international trade; quid pro quo. This â€Å"this for that† attitude among nations has really supported the fusion of culture. Prebisch-Singer Thesis also supports the idea of globalization. This thesis states that the price of products traded with other countries fall dramatically over time; therefore an increase in trading is needed to keep profits up. (bss.sfsu.edu) This means more business partnerships and more countries are reliant upon each other. This dependency and relationship between countries have really played a key role in the rapid globalization of the modern day world. Money might be the root of all evil, but it also can smooth out relations among super powers if both parties are getting what they want out of the deal. Two major drivers of globalization have been the break down of trade barriers and technology. Technology in particular has changed many aspect of modern life. Services such as the internet which allows for global communication at a seconds notice and the unadulterated exchange of information among individuals in opposite sides of the world have played a key role in the merging of cultures. The degradation of trade barriers have allowed for more business and exchanges to happen between countries. There has even been a lot of talk lately about lifting the trade embargo against Cuba. Money talks, and when it does, people listen. The people of Cuba would greatly benefit not only financially from trade lines with the US, but they would also benefit in social and economical ways as well. Globalization has affected almost every aspect of American life. It is pretty normal for me to have a piece of cold pizza for breakfast (Italian cuisine), go to lunch down the street at PF Chang’s, (Chinese cuisine) and then finish up a nice dinner that night at Tres Amigos, (Mexican cuisine). Another more important affect of globalization is in the work environment. In this politically correct world we live in, it is imperative that each person in a work environment feels comfortable in their environment. With many cultures coming together around the water cooler each day, it is imperative that employees and employers are knowledgeable about other cultures and peoples. Marketing is another area of life effected by globalization. In previous marketing classes, we learned that it is imperative to find your target market before marketing your product. What if that target market is of another culture? What if you want to target your product to multiple genres and cultures? Every culture is different and reacts to marketing differently. Wal-Mart, saturated in the US, has been looking over seas for more potential shoppers. Lately they have been targeting China; Wal-Mart has spent millions of dollars in research figuring out how to market to the Chinese people. Regional trade blocs are intergovernmental associations that manage and promote trade activities for specific regions of the world. (ucatlas). Some well known trading blocs include the EU (European Union; see Map 1), NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement; see Map 2), MERCOSUR (Mercado Comun del Cono Sur, also known as Southern Common Markets (SCCM); see Map 3), and ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations; see Map 4). The following maps show trade data for 2001 (UNCTAD 2002). Map 1 Map 2 Map 3 Map 4 http://ucatlas.ucsc.edu/trade/subtheme_trade_blocs.php NAFTA is the trade bloc that affects North America the most. January 1, 2004 marks the tenth anniversary of the North American Free Trade Agreement’s implementation. NAFTA promoters including many of the world’s largest corporations promised it would create hundreds of thousands of new high-wage U.S. jobs, raise living standards in the U.S., Mexico and Canada, improve environmental conditions and transform Mexico from a poor developing country into a booming new market for U.S. exports. (citizen.org) The EU has become the most powerful trading bloc in the world with a GDP now exceeding that of the United States. In fact, the EU is currently exporting 813 billion dollars worth of goods and services. The creation of the euro as a single currency for 12 EU members has led to ever closer economic links. The EU has found it difficult to shed its protectionist past based on the idea of self-sufficiency in agriculture which limits agricultural exports from the other countries. (revisioncaptain.com) The importance of the EU is the fact that Europe is a huge economic partner with the United States. If they fail, then our strong economic ties would put a huge strain on our economy as well. Globalization has been a bi-product of the rapid expansion of peoples of different nations and cultures clashing. Sparked by monetary funds and kept up by the thought of a more prosperous and comfortable lifestyle, countries will continue to merge their cultures as our peoples merge their living, business and vacation geographic locations. References Http://www.Wikipedia.com Http://www.Sticky-Marketing.com Http://www.Learnthat.com http://ucatlas.ucsc.edu/trade/subtheme_trade_blocs.php http://ucatlas.ucsc.edu/trade/subtheme_trade_blocs.php citizen.org/trade/nafta revisionguru.co.uk/economics/blocsex.htm Research Papers on Marketing In A Time of Globalization - Marketing EssayDefinition of Export QuotasPETSTEL analysis of IndiaAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceCapital PunishmentGenetic Engineering

Will democracy ever develop in Iraq Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Will democracy ever develop in Iraq - Essay Example However, there is also considerable number of those politicians and scholars whom believe the task of achieving democracy might be too difficult or even impossible for Iraq. Experts list a number of factors that prevent Iraq from becoming a democratic country, at least in the short-term. For example, Marine General Anthony Zinni, who was the Head of U.S. Central Command from 1997 to 2000 made the following statement on the probability of establishing democracy in Iraq: â€Å"If we think there is a fast solution to changing the governance of Iraq, then we don’t understand history, the nature of the country, the divisions, or the underneath suppressed passions that could rise up. God help us if we think this transition will occur easily. The attempts I’ve seen to install democracy in short periods of time where there is no history and no roots have failed. Take it back to Somalia (Zinni, 2002 cited in Dodge, 2003, p.157). This opinion of the person who was directly involved in the process of democratization of Iraq are supported by many scholars and political experts. Adam Garfinkle, a famous Middle East political expert, also holds the opinion that establishing democracy in the country is an immensely difficult task, while any attempt to fulfill it will not only result in failure but will also lead to the growth of anti-American spirit in the Arab world (Garfinkle, 2003). The pessimism that currently exists in relation to the possibility of establishing democracy in Iraq relies on the assumption that the country does not have any favorable conditions for democratic transformation. This means that not only social and economic prerequisites such as numerous middle class, serious economic opportunities, good system of education and other are not there but also that the traditional political culture contradicts the democratic norms and values. As is well known, â€Å"democracy† is taken from Ð ° Greek word which means government of the people, by